spring容器注入---@Import-创新互联
上文介绍了通过xml配置、注解(@Component、@Controller、@Service、@Repository等)将指定的 bean 注入到 Spring 容器中,后面又介绍了通过@Configuration
与@Bean
这两个注解配合使用来将原来配置在 xml 文件里的 Bean 通过 Java 代码的方式将 Bean 注入到 Spring 容器中。
今天,介绍第三种注入 spring 容器的方法:@Import
@Import
的作用:
- @Import 用来导入 @Configuration 注解的配置类、注入普通类。
- 导入
ImportSelector
的实现类。 - 导入
ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar
的实现类。
1、新建类Stu1:
package impotTest.pojo;
public class Stu1 {}
2、新建@Import
注解修饰配置类MyImport
:
package impotTest.pojo.imports;
...
@Configuration
@Import({Stu1.class})
public class MyImport {}
3、测试类:
public class App
{public static void main( String[] args )
{ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
String[] beanDefinitionNames = context.getBeanDefinitionNames();
for (String name : beanDefinitionNames) {System.out.println(name + ":" + context.getBean(name));
}
System.out.println("++++++++++++++");
MyImport myImport = (MyImport) context.getBean("myImport");
System.out.println(myImport);
Object bean1 = context.getBean("impotTest.pojo.Stu1");
System.out.println(bean1);
}
}
运行结果:
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor: org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor@17046283
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor: org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor@5bd03f44
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor: org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor@29626d54
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor: org.springframework.context.event.EventListenerMethodProcessor@5a63f509
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory: org.springframework.context.event.DefaultEventListenerFactory@6e4784bc
org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator: proxyTargetClass=false; optimize=false; opaque=false; exposeProxy=false; frozen=false
myImport: impotTest.pojo.imports.MyImport$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$e2546f15@70e8f8e
impotTest.pojo.Stu1: impotTest.pojo.Stu1@34b7ac2f
++++++++++++++
impotTest.pojo.imports.MyImport$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$e2546f15@70e8f8e
impotTest.pojo.Stu1@34b7ac2f
实现ImportSelector的方式注入的类
Stu1
均是以全类名(impotTest.pojo.Stu1
)作为name注册到了容器中。
1、新建类Stu2:
package impotTest.pojo;
public class Stu2 {}
2、新建MyImportSelector
实现ImportSelector
package impotTest.pojo.imports;
...
public class MyImportSelector implements ImportSelector {@Override
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {return new String[]{Stu2.class.getName()};
}
}
通过字符串数组的方式返回配置类的全限定名。
3、将MyImportSelector
加入配置类MyImport
@Configuration
@Import({Stu1.class,MyImportSelector.class})
public class MyImport {}
4、测试类:
public class App
{public static void main( String[] args )
{ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
String[] beanDefinitionNames = context.getBeanDefinitionNames();
for (String name : beanDefinitionNames) {System.out.println(name + ": " + context.getBean(name));
}
System.out.println("++++++++++++++");
MyImport myImport = (MyImport) context.getBean("myImport");
System.out.println(myImport);
Object bean1 = context.getBean("impotTest.pojo.Stu1");
System.out.println(bean1);
Object bean2 = context.getBean("impotTest.pojo.Stu2");
System.out.println(bean2);
System.out.println("+++++");
}
}
运行结果:
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor: org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor@4b0b0854
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor: org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor@19bb07ed
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor: org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor@10e41621
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor: org.springframework.context.event.EventListenerMethodProcessor@353d0772
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory: org.springframework.context.event.DefaultEventListenerFactory@2667f029
org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator: proxyTargetClass=false; optimize=false; opaque=false; exposeProxy=false; frozen=false
myImport: impotTest.pojo.imports.MyImport$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$49a6e31e@e056f20
impotTest.pojo.Stu1: impotTest.pojo.Stu1@67a20f67
impotTest.pojo.Stu2: impotTest.pojo.Stu2@57c758ac
++++++++++++++
impotTest.pojo.imports.MyImport$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$49a6e31e@e056f20
impotTest.pojo.Stu1@67a20f67
impotTest.pojo.Stu2@57c758ac
+++++
实现ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar的方式1、新建类Stu3:
package impotTest.pojo;
public class Stu3 {}
2、新建MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar
实现ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar
package impotTest.pojo.imports;
...
public class MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {@Override
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {registry.registerBeanDefinition("stu3", new RootBeanDefinition(Stu3.class));
}
}
registerBeanDefinition
方法第一个参数可以指定注入容器的bean名称。本例中指定bean名称为 “stu3”
3、将MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar
加入配置类MyImport
@Configuration
@Import({Stu1.class,MyImportSelector.class,MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar.class})
public class MyImport {}
4、测试类:
public class App
{public static void main( String[] args )
{ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
String[] beanDefinitionNames = context.getBeanDefinitionNames();
for (String name : beanDefinitionNames) {System.out.println(name + ": " + context.getBean(name));
}
System.out.println("++++++++++++++");
MyImport myImport = (MyImport) context.getBean("myImport");
System.out.println(myImport);
Object bean1 = context.getBean("impotTest.pojo.Stu1");
System.out.println(bean1);
Object bean2 = context.getBean("impotTest.pojo.Stu2");
System.out.println(bean2);
Object bean3 = context.getBean("stu3");
System.out.println(bean3);
System.out.println("+++++");
}
}
运行结果:
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor: org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor@67a20f67
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor: org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor@57c758ac
org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor: org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor@a9cd3b1
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor: org.springframework.context.event.EventListenerMethodProcessor@13e39c73
org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory: org.springframework.context.event.DefaultEventListenerFactory@64cd705f
org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator: proxyTargetClass=false; optimize=false; opaque=false; exposeProxy=false; frozen=false
myImport: impotTest.pojo.imports.MyImport$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$649a2b62@2667f029
impotTest.pojo.Stu1: impotTest.pojo.Stu1@9225652
impotTest.pojo.Stu2: impotTest.pojo.Stu2@654f0d9c
stu3: impotTest.pojo.Stu3@6a400542
++++++++++++++
impotTest.pojo.imports.MyImport$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$649a2b62@2667f029
impotTest.pojo.Stu1@9225652
impotTest.pojo.Stu2@654f0d9c
impotTest.pojo.Stu3@6a400542
+++++
小结spring容器注入三种方式:
- 通过xml配置、注解
- 通过 @Configuration 与 @Bean 这两个注解配合
- @Import 方式注入
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