[Android学习笔记三]Supportv7提供交错式网格布局开发示例
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本文主要介绍Android Support v7提供的RecycleView和交错式布局(通常成为瀑布流布局)的使用和事件监听处理。
1. 涉及到开源库有:
Fresco :
Facebook开源的不是一般强大的图片加载组件库
Bufferknife :
Android View和事件绑定库,通过注解完成,在编译时APT处理注解文档。
2. 模块配置
Android Studio模块,build.gradle配置:
apply plugin: 'com.android.application' android { compileSdkVersion 21 buildToolsVersion '21.1.2' defaultConfig { applicationId 'secondriver.sdk' minSdkVersion 16 targetSdkVersion 21 versionCode 1 versionName '1.0' } buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled false proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro' } } packagingOptions { exclude 'META-INF/services/javax.annotation.processing.Processor' } lintOptions { disable 'InvalidPackage' } } dependencies { compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar']) compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.3' compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:21.0.3@aar' compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:21.0.3@aar' compile 'com.facebook.fresco:fresco:0.8.0' compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:7.0.1' testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12' }
3. 布局文件
主布局文件:activity_recycleview.xml 包含一个RecycleView,将作为主屏幕组件。
RecycleView 通过设置不同的布局管理器对象来实现不同的布局显示,如:
android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager 可以实现ListView的布局效果
android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager 可以实现GridView的布局效果
android.support.v7.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager 可以实现交错式网格布局效果
次布局文件(RecycleView中显示的每一项视图的布局):item_recycelview.xml 通过com.android.support:CardView包提供的CardView帧式容器布局包含一个ImageView和TextView作为RecycleView的每一项视图的布局。
ImageView组件使用的是Fresco库提供的视图组件。
4. Activity实现和数据填充
4.1 RecycleView中的每一项视图的数据组成
文本信息+ 图片地址(url,file,resId) 本示例中采用Url网络图片
/** * View项的数据对象 */ static class Pair { public String text; public String url; public Pair(String text, String url) { this.text = text; this.url = url; } }
4.2 RecycleView中国的每一项视图的数据填充,即适配器
自定义适配器需要实现RecycleView.Adapter类。
static class RecycleViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter{ /** * RecycleView的View项单击事件监听 */ public interface OnRecycleViewItemClickListener { void onRecycleViewItemClick(View view, int position); } private ArrayList items = new ArrayList<>(); private OnRecycleViewItemClickListener mOnRecycleViewItemClickListener; public RecycleViewAdapter(ArrayList items) { this.items = items; } @Override public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) { View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item_recyclerview, parent, false); return new RecycleViewItemHolder(view, mOnRecycleViewItemClickListener); } @Override public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, int position) { Pair pair = items.get(position); ((RecycleViewItemHolder) holder).setContent(pair); } @Override public int getItemCount() { return items.size(); } public void setOnRecycleViewItemClickListener(OnRecycleViewItemClickListener onItemClickListener) { if (null != onItemClickListener) { this.mOnRecycleViewItemClickListener = onItemClickListener; } } }
主要实现onCreateViewHolder和onBindViewHolder方法。由于RecycleView并未提供为视图项添加监听事件,这里自定义个一个事件监听接口,在实例化适配器的时候可以选择设置事件监听。
4.3 创建ViewHolder需要通过自定义ViewHolder类继承RecycleView.ViewHolder。
static class RecycleViewItemHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder implements View.OnClickListener { @Bind(R.id.info_text) public TextView infoTextView; @Bind(R.id.info_p_w_picpath) public SimpleDraweeView draweeView; private RecycleViewAdapter.OnRecycleViewItemClickListener onItemClickListener; public RecycleViewItemHolder(View itemView, RecycleViewAdapter.OnRecycleViewItemClickListener onItemClickListener) { super(itemView); ButterKnife.bind(this, itemView); this.onItemClickListener = onItemClickListener; itemView.setOnClickListener(this); } public void setContent(Pair pair) { infoTextView.setText(pair.text); draweeView.setImageURI(Uri.parse(pair.url)); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (null != onItemClickListener) { onItemClickListener.onRecycleViewItemClick(v, getPosition()); } } }
在构造方法中的传入OnRecycleViewItemClickListener对象,并且自定义ViewHolder实现OnClickListener接口,通过为itemView对象设置OnClickListener监听事件,在onClick方法中将点击事件的处理交由OnRecycleViewItemClickListener对象处理,从而达到为RecycleView中的itemView注册点击事件。
如果不采用这种方式添加事件监听,就不需要自定义监听接口和自定义ViewHolder实现事件监听接口以及事件处理。另外可以通过获得的itemView之后,通过组件I的获取组件来添加事件监听。还可以通过获得的自定义ViewHolder,来访问每个组件。
4.4 Activity的具体实现
package secondriver.sdk.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v7.widget.DefaultItemAnimator; import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView; import android.support.v7.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager; import android.util.Log; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; import com.facebook.drawee.view.SimpleDraweeView; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Random; import butterknife.Bind; import butterknife.ButterKnife; import secondriver.sdk.R; /** * Author : secondriver * Created : 2015/11/18 */ public class RecycleViewActivity extends Activity { private static final String TAG = RecyclerView.class.getName(); private static final String[] RES_URL = new String[]{ "http://p1.wmpic.me/article/2015/11/16/1447644849_hySANEEF.jpg", //减少篇幅,此处省去14个图片Url }; @Bind(R.id.recycler_view) public RecyclerView mRecycleView; private final int PRE_SCREEN_NUMBER = 6; private final int SPAN_COUNT = 2; private int previousLastIndex = 0; private boolean isSlidingToLast = false; private RecycleViewAdapter mAdapter; private ArrayListmItem = new ArrayList<>(); //交错式网格布局管理对象,即通常称的瀑布流布局 private StaggeredGridLayoutManager mLayoutManager; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_recyclerview); ButterKnife.bind(this); Fresco.initialize(this); //重要,Fresco做一系列初始化工作 initRecycleView(); } private void initRecycleView() { mLayoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(SPAN_COUNT, StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL); mRecycleView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager); mAdapter = new RecycleViewAdapter(mItem); loadData(false); mRecycleView.setAdapter(mAdapter); mRecycleView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator()); //RecycleView的View项单击事件监听 mAdapter.setOnRecycleViewItemClickListener(new RecycleViewAdapter.OnRecycleViewItemClickListener() { @Override public void onRecycleViewItemClick(View view, int position) { long id = mRecycleView.getChildItemId(view); Log.d(TAG, "View项的根视图:" + view.getClass().getName() + ",position=" + position + " ViewHolder_Id=" + id); //通过findViewById查找View项中的元素 SimpleDraweeView draweeView = (SimpleDraweeView) view.findViewById(R.id.info_p_w_picpath); if (null != draweeView) { draweeView.setImageURI(Uri.parse(RES_URL[0])); Toast.makeText(RecycleViewActivity.this, "通过findViewById查找View项中的元素", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } RecycleViewItemHolder recycleViewItemHolder = (RecycleViewItemHolder) mRecycleView.findViewHolderForPosition(position); if (null != recycleViewItemHolder) { recycleViewItemHolder.infoTextView.setText("通过ViewHolder找到View项中的元素"); } } }); //下拉刷新,追加内容 mRecycleView.setOnScrollListener( new RecyclerView.OnScrollListener() { @Override public void onScrollStateChanged(RecyclerView recyclerView, int newState) { super.onScrollStateChanged(recyclerView, newState); if (newState == RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE) { if (isPullToBottom() && isSlidingToLast) { if (mItem.size() > 36) { //最大数据量 Toast.makeText(RecycleViewActivity.this, "没有数据了", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); return; } else { loadData(false); Log.d(TAG, "notifyItemRangeInserted startPosition=" + previousLastIndex); mAdapter.notifyItemRangeInserted(previousLastIndex, PRE_SCREEN_NUMBER); } } } if (newState == RecyclerView.SCROLL_STATE_SETTLING) { Log.d(TAG, "settling"); } } @Override public void onScrolled(RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy) { super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy); isSlidingToLast = dy > 0; //上拉,下滑 Log.d(TAG, "dx = " + dx + " dy=" + dy + " isSlidingToLast=" + isSlidingToLast); } } ); } private boolean isPullToBottom() { int[] lastIndexs = mLayoutManager.findLastCompletelyVisibleItemPositions(null); Log.d(TAG, "last item =" + Arrays.toString(lastIndexs) + ", have item=" + mAdapter.getItemCount()); int maxIndex = mAdapter.getItemCount() - 1; for (int i : lastIndexs) { if (i == maxIndex) { return true; } } return false; } private void loadData(boolean isClear) { if (isClear) { mItem.clear(); } previousLastIndex = mItem.size(); Random r = new Random(); for (int index = 0; index < PRE_SCREEN_NUMBER && index < RES_URL.length; index++) { mItem.add(new Pair("Card " + (previousLastIndex + index), RES_URL[r.nextInt(RES_URL.length)])); } Log.d(TAG, "mItem count =" + mItem.size()); } }
说明:
RecycleView的ItemView的数据由Pair对象管理存储
Fresco库默认配置下的使用之前需要初始化调用Fresco.initialize(Context)
上述实现了2个事件监听,一个OnScrollerListener由RecycleView提供,实现下拉刷新;一个OnRecycleViewItemClickListener由自定义的RecycleViewAdpater提供,实现单击itemView来更换图片(SimpleDraweeView)和文字(TextView)。
Butterknife和Fresco库的具体使用参见其Github上的文档。
5. 效果图
比较遗憾ScreenRecord不支持模拟器和Android4.4一下的系统,只能附上截图。
文章标题:[Android学习笔记三]Supportv7提供交错式网格布局开发示例
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