1. MongoDB 数据库的备份与还原

1.1 mongodump 命令参数
mongodump --help
Usage:
mongodump

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Export the content of a running server into .bson files.

Specify a database with -d and a collection with -c to only dump that database or collection.

See http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongodump/ for more information.

general options:
--help print usage
--version print the tool version and exit

verbosity options:
-v, --verbose= more detailed log output (include multiple times for more verbosity, e.g. -vvvvv,
or specify a numeric value, e.g. --verbose=N)
--quiet hide all log output

connection options:
-h, --host= mongodb host to connect to (setname/host1,host2 for replica sets)
--port= server port (can also use --host hostname:port)

ssl options:
--ssl connect to a mongod or mongos that has ssl enabled
--sslCAFile= the .pem file containing the root certificate chain from the certificate authority
--sslPEMKeyFile= the .pem file containing the certificate and key
--sslPEMKeyPassword= the password to decrypt the sslPEMKeyFile, if necessary
--sslCRLFile= the .pem file containing the certificate revocation list
--sslAllowInvalidCertificates bypass the validation for server certificates
--sslAllowInvalidHostnames bypass the validation for server name
--sslFIPSMode use FIPS mode of the installed openssl library

authentication options:
-u, --username= username for authentication
-p, --password= password for authentication
--authenticationDatabase= database that holds the user's credentials
--authenticationMechanism= authentication mechanism to use

namespace options:
-d, --db= database to use
-c, --collection= collection to use

uri options:
--uri=mongodb-uri mongodb uri connection string

query options:
-q, --query= query filter, as a JSON string, e.g., '{x:{$gt:1}}'
--queryFile= path to a file containing a query filter (JSON)
--readPreference=| specify either a preference name or a preference json object
--forceTableScan force a table scan

output options:
-o, --out= output directory, or '-' for stdout (defaults to 'dump')
--gzip compress archive our collection output with Gzip
--repair try to recover documents from damaged data files (not supported by all storage
engines)
--oplog use oplog for taking a point-in-time snapshot
--archive= dump as an archive to the specified path. If flag is specified without a value,
archive is written to stdout
--dumpDbUsersAndRoles dump user and role definitions for the specified database
--excludeCollection= collection to exclude from the dump (may be specified multiple times to exclude
additional collections)
--excludeCollectionsWithPrefix= exclude all collections from the dump that have the given prefix (may be specified
multiple times to exclude additional prefixes)
-j, --numParallelCollections= number of collections to dump in parallel (4 by default) (default: 4)
--viewsAsCollections dump views as normal collections with their produced data, omitting standard
collections

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