SQLServer超时诊断
连接超时
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对于连接超时,首先可以查看Connectivity Ring Buffer中的LoginTimers类型错误来分析,如果想获得更详尽的信息,再通过抓包工具network monitor。
具体方法和语句可参考以下文章:
https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/apgcdsd/2011/11/20/ring-buffersql-server-2008/
http://ultrasql.blog.51cto.com/9591438/1583446
查询超时
对于查询超时,针对SQL Server 2012以下的版本,使用Profiler的TSQL_Duration模板的基础上,添加“Errors and Warnings”下的“Attention”,根据捕获到的Attention结合上下文去查找相应的语句;对于SQL Server 2012及以上版本,直接使用扩展事件监控sqlserver.attention事件,直接输出sql_text。
以下为XE脚本:
use tempdb go if exists (select * from sys.objects where name = 'sqlws_xev_attention') drop view sqlws_xev_attention go create view sqlws_xev_attention as with xevents (event_data) as ( select event.query('.') as event_data from ((select cast (xest.target_data as xml) as target_data from sys.dm_xe_sessions as xes inner join sys.dm_xe_session_targets as xest on (xes.address = xest.event_session_address) where xes.name = 'sqlws_xevents_attention' and xest.target_name = 'ring_buffer') as td cross apply target_data.nodes ('//event[@name="attention"]') as x (event)) ) select event_data.value ('(event/@name)[1]', 'varchar(max)') as event_name, event_data.value ('(event/@timestamp)[1]', 'datetime') as event_timestamp, event_data.value ('(event/data[@name="duration"]/value)[1]', 'bigint') as [duration], event_data.value ('(event/data[@name="request_id"]/value)[1]', 'int') as [request_id], event_data.value ('(event/action[@name="client_app_name"]/value)[1]', 'nvarchar(max)') as action_client_app_name, event_data.value ('(event/action[@name="client_hostname"]/value)[1]', 'nvarchar(max)') as action_client_hostname, event_data.value ('(event/action[@name="database_name"]/value)[1]', 'nvarchar(max)') as action_database_name, event_data.value ('(event/action[@name="nt_username"]/value)[1]', 'nvarchar(max)') as action_nt_username, event_data.value ('(event/action[@name="session_id"]/value)[1]', 'int') as action_session_id, event_data.value ('(event/action[@name="sql_text"]/value)[1]', 'nvarchar(max)') as action_sql_text from xevents go if exists (select * from sys.server_event_sessions where name = 'sqlws_xevents_attention') drop event session sqlws_xevents_attention on server go create event session sqlws_xevents_attention on server add event sqlserver.attention (action (sqlserver.client_app_name, sqlserver.client_hostname, sqlserver.database_name, sqlserver.nt_username, sqlserver.session_id, sqlserver.sql_text) where duration > 5000 ) add target package0.ring_buffer with (event_retention_mode = ALLOW_SINGLE_EVENT_LOSS, memory_partition_mode = NONE) go /* alter event session sqlws_xevents_attention on server state = start go --Execute your workload with xevents (event_name) as ( select event.value ('(@name)[1]', 'varchar(max)') as event_name from ((select cast (xest.target_data as xml) as target_data from sys.dm_xe_sessions as xes inner join sys.dm_xe_session_targets as xest on (xes.address = xest.event_session_address) where xes.name = 'sqlws_xevents_attention' and xest.target_name = 'ring_buffer') as td cross apply target_data.nodes ('//event[@name="attention"]') as x (event)) ) select event_name, count(*) from xevents group by event_name go select * from sqlws_xev_attention go alter event session sqlws_xevents_attention on server state = stop go */
调优建议
对于连接耗时,当然务必要找到具体原因,是网络问题还是验证问题;对于查询超时,多为语句性能问题导致,如阻塞、未使用合理的索引、输出数据量太大等原因。对于临时解决问题,可以在连接配置里、或在程序里的语句级参数属性调大配置值。当然应及时找出问题的根源并解决。
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