nagios+cacti整合
系统:CentOS -6.5-x86_64
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软件环境:apr-1.5.0.tar.gz apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz httpd-2.4.7.tar.gz pcre-8.33.tar.gz MySQL-5.6.10.tar.gz mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz libmcrypt-2.5.6.tar.gz zlib-1.2.5.1.tar.gz libpng-1.2.47.tar.xz jpeg-6b.tar.gz freetype-2.3.11.tar.bz2 gd-2.1.0.tar.gz php-5.5.13.tar.gz nagios-3.4.3.tar.gz nagios-plugins-1.4.16.gz nrpe-2.14.tar.gz sendEmail-v1.56.tar.gz rrdtool* net-snmp* cacti-0.8.8b.tar.gz cacti-spine-0.8.8b.tar.gz settings-v0.7-1.tgz monitor-v1.3-1.tgz thold-v0.5.0.tgz ntop-4.0.1.tar.gz ntop-v0.2-1.tgz npc-2.0.4.tar.gz json-1.2.1.tgz ndoutils-1.5.2.tar.gz GeoIP.tar.gz
Yum安装的软件
perl-GD perl-DBI perl-Digest-SHA1 perl-Digest-HMAC net-snmp-utils perl-Socket6 perl-IO-Socket-INET6 net-snmp-devel dmidecode net-snmp-perl perl-Crypt-DES fping perl-Config-IniFiles graphviz
监控主机ip:192.168.1.124
被监控机ip:192.168.1.43 192.168.1.212
一、搭建lamp环境
1.安装apache。
安装前准备:[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ gcc-devel cmake
安装apr
[root@localhost soft]# tar xvf apr-1.5.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd apr-1.5.0
[root@localhost apr-1.5.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-1.5.0]# make &&make install
安装apr-util
[root@localhost soft]# tar xvf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd apr-util-1.5.3
[root@localhost apr-util-1.5.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-util-1.5.3]# make &&make install
安装pcre
[root@localhost soft]# tar xvf pcre-8.33.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd pcre-8.33
[root@localhost pcre-8.33]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util
[root@localhost pcre-8.33]# make && make install
安装apache
[root@localhost soft]# tar xvf httpd-2.4.7.tar.gz
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre --enable-so --enable-rewrite
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.7]# make && make install
启动apache
[root@localhost bin]# cd /usr/local/httpd/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl start
查看端口监听
[root@localhost bin]# netstat -antl|grep 80
2.安装mysql
解压,编译安装mysql
[root@localhost soft]# tar xf mysql-5.6.10.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd mysql-5.6.10
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR:PATH=/database -DWITH_DEBUG:BOOL=on -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=all -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE:BOOL=on -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE:BOOL=on
出错1:
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# yum install -y ncurses-devel
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# rm CMakeCache.txt
然后重新编译
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# make && make install
新建mysql用户及相关目录,并更改属组和属主创建
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# mkdir /database
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/var/log -p
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/var/run
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/etc
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/binlog
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# useradd mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# chown -R mysql:mysql /database /usr/local/mysql/
修改配置文件
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# vim /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf
添加如下内容:
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/database
socket=/usr/local/mysql/var/run/mysql.sock
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/var/run/mysql.pid
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/binlog/mysqlbin-log
port=3306
user=mysql
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/var/log/mysql.log
[mysql]
socket=/usr/local/mysql/var/run/mysql.sock
初始化mysql数据库
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/database --user=mysql
添加mysql自启动
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql5.6d
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# chkconfig --add mysql5.6d
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# chkconfig mysql5.6d on
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.10]# service mysql5.6d start
Starting MySQL... [ OK ]
[root@localhost mysql-5.6
修改root密码:
[root@localhost soft]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql –uroot
mysql> use mysql
mysql> update user set password=password('123654') where user='root';
[root@localhost soft]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p123654
3.安装php
安装mhash
[root@localhost soft]# tar jxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
[root@localhost soft]# cd mhash-0.9.9.9
[root@localhost mhash-0.9.9.9]# ./configure
[root@localhost mhash-0.9.9.9]# make &&make install
安装libmcrypt
[root@localhost soft]# tar xf libmcrypt-2.5.6.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd libmcrypt-2.5.6
# ./configure
#make
#make install
安装zlib,装两次,一次指定路径,一次不指定,64位系统安装库编译的时候要在前面加上CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC"
[root@localhost soft]# tar xf zlib-1.2.5.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd zlib-1.2.5.1
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.5.1]# CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC"./configure
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.5.1]# make && make install
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.5.1]#CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib
[root@localhost zlib-1.2.5.1]# make && make install
安装libpng
[root@localhost soft]# tar xf libpng-1.2.47.tar.xz
[root@localhost soft]# cd libpng-1.2.47
[root@localhost libpng-1.2.47]# CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC"./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libpng
安装jpeg
[root@localhost soft]# tar xf jpeg-6b.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd jpeg/src/
[root@localhost src]# cp /usr/share/libtool/config/config.guess config.guess
cp: overwrite `config.guess'? y
[root@localhost src]# cp /usr/share/libtool/config/config.sub config.sub
cp: overwrite `config.sub'? y
[root@localhost src]# CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg --enable-shared --enable-static
[root@localhost src]# make && make install
错误2:
[root@localhost src]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg/bin
[root@localhost src]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg/lib
[root@localhost src]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg/include
[root@localhost src]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg/man
[root@localhost src]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg/man/man1
安装freetype
[root@localhost soft]# tar jxvf freetype-2.3.11.tar.bz2
[root@localhost soft]# cd freetype-2.3.11
[root@localhost freetype-2.3.11]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype --enable-shared
[root@localhost freetype-2.3.11]# make && make install
安装gd
[root@localhost soft]# tar xf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd gd/2.0.35/
[root@localhost 2.0.35]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd --with-jpeg=/usrl/local/jpeg --with-png=/usr/local/libpng --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype
[root@localhost 2.0.35]# make && make install
出现错误3:
[root@localhost 2.0.35]# sed -i 's#png.h#/usr/local/libpng/include/png.h#' gd_png.c
安装php
[root@localhost ~]# yum install libxml2* -y
[root@localhost soft]# tar xf php-5.5.13.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd php-5.5.13
[root@localhost php-5.5.13]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-apxs2=/usr/local/httpd/bin/apxs --with-libxml-dir=/usr/include/libxml2 --with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg --with-gd=/usr/local/gd --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt --enable-soap --enable-mbstring=all --enable-sockets --enable-bcmath
错误4:
版本太低,换了最高版本的libgd-2.1.0.tar.gz
#cd /soft/gd/2.0.35
[root@localhost 2.0.35]#make clean
[root@localhost 2.0.35]#rm –rf /usr/local/gd
下载libgd-2.1.0.tar.gz
#tar xf libgd-2.1.0.tar.gz
# cd libgd-2.1.0
[root@localhost libgd-2.1.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd --with-jpeg=/usrl/local/jpeg --with-png=/usr/local/libpng --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype
[root@localhost libgd-2.1.0]# make && make install
再重新编译php,已经没错误了
[root@localhost php-5.5.13]# make
错误5:
[root@localhost php-5.5.13]# yum install libXpm-devel –y
[root@localhost php-5.5.13]# make
[root@localhost php-5.5.13]# make test
[root@localhost php-5.5.13]# make install
安装pdo_mysql模块
[root@localhost php-5.5.13]# cd ext/pdo_mysql/
[root@localhost pdo_mysql]# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
[root@localhost pdo_mysql]# mkdir ext/pdo/tests -p
[root@localhost pdo_mysql]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost pdo_mysql]# make
[root@localhost pdo_mysql]# make test
[root@localhost pdo_mysql]# make install
[root@localhost php-5.5.13]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost pdo_mysql]# echo 'extension_dir=”/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20121212/”' >>/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost pdo_mysql]# echo 'extension=”pdo_mysql.so”' >>/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
查看模块是否被加载
[root@localhost php-5.5.13]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m |grep pdo_mysql
pdo_mysql
让apache支持php
[root@localhost php-5.5.13]# vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
增加
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
找到这一段,加入index.php
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
重启apache
在htdocs下面写一个test.php做测试看是否支持php
[root@localhost bin]# vim ../htdocs/test.php
Phpinfo();
?>
测试php能否连接数据库
[root@localhost bin]# vim ../htdocs/con.php
$link = mysqli_connect('127.0.0.1','root','123654');
if(!$link) echo "FAILD!";
else echo "OK!";
?>
二、监控机安装nagios和nagios-plugins以及nrpe
#yum install perl-GD perl-DBI perl-Digest-SHA1 perl-Digest-HMAC net-snmp-utils perl-Socket6 perl-IO-Socket-INET6 net-snmp-devel dmidecode net-snmp-perl perl-Crypt-DES fping perl-Config-IniFiles graphviz –y
Nagios监控原理:
Nagios 通过NRPE 来远端管理服务
1. Nagios 执行安装在它里面的check_nrpe 插件,并告诉check_nrpe 去检测哪些服务。
2. 通过SSL,check_nrpe 连接远端机子上的NRPE daemon
3. NRPE 运行本地的各种插件去检测本地的服务和状态(check_disk,..etc)
4. 最后,NRPE 把检测的结果传给主机端的check_nrpe,check_nrpe 再把结果送到Nagios状态队列中。
5. Nagios 依次读取队列中的信息,再把结果显示出来。
参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/mchina/archive/2013/02/20/2883404.html
创建nagios用户
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nagios
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/nagios
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios
解压,编译安装
[root@localhost soft]# tar xvf nagios-3.4.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd nagios
[root@localhost nagios]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-gd-lib=/usr/local/gd/lib --with-gd-inc=/usr/local/gd/include
[root@localhost nagios]# make all
[root@localhost nagios]# make install
[root@localhost nagios]#make install-init
[root@localhost nagios]#make install-commandmode
[root@localhost nagios]#make install-config
编译安装nagios插件
[root@localhost soft]# tar xvf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.16
[root@localhost nagios-plugins-1.4.16]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/
[root@localhost nagios-plugins-1.4.16]# make && make install
编译安装nrpe
[root@localhost soft]# tar xf nrpe-2.14.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd nrpe-2.14
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# ./configure
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# make all
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# make install-plugin
配置apache和nagios
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# vim /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf添加
#setting for nagios
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin /usr/local/nagios/sbin
AuthType Basic
Options ExecCGI
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
Require valid-user
Alias /nagios /usr/local/nagios/share
AuthType Basic
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "nagios Access"
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
Require valid-user
保存,创建admin用户,用于登陆nagios,此文档中设置的密码是123654
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# /usr/local/httpd/bin/htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd admin
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user admin
修改cgi配置文件
修改nagios的cgi配置文件,给admin用户权限
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# sed -i 's/nagiosadmin/admin/g' /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg ---》这是我直接改用户的方法。也可以使用下面这种方法:
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg
authorized_for_system_information=admin
authorized_for_configuration_information=admin
authorized_for_system_commands=admin
authorized_for_all_services=admin
authorized_for_all_hosts=admin
authorized_for_all_service_commands=admin
authorized_for_all_host_commands=admin
确保以上参数值为:admin
重启apache
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# cd /usr/local/httpd/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl restart
访问nagios:http://192.168.1.124/nagios,输入刚才设置的用户名:admin密码:123654,出现nagios的主页面。
到这里会出现在ie浏览器点击service或者hosts会出现乱码,原因是Apache没开启cgi模块。修改apache配置文件
[root@localhost bin]# vim ../conf/httpd.conf 将以下两句注释去掉,重启apache
LoadModule cgid_module modules/mod_cgid.so
LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so
三、linux被监控机安装nagios插件、nrpe
被监控主机需要安装nagios插件,以及nrpe
装nagios插件
[root@localhost nagiossoft]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nagios
[root@localhost nagiossoft]# mkdir /usr/local/nagios
[root@localhost nagiossoft]# tar xf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.gz
[root@localhost nagiossoft]# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.16
[root@localhost nagios-plugins-1.4.16]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/
[root@localhost nagios-plugins-1.4.16]#make && make install
安装nrpe
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# ./configure
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# make all
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# make instlal-plugin
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# make install-daemon
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# make install-daemon-config
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
找到这句加上监控机的ip
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.124
启动nrpe
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d
查看监听端口:
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# netstat -antl|grep 5666
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:*
确保防火墙跟selinux都是关闭的
检测自己的nrpe是否成功
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost
NRPE v2.15
到监控机去检测npre能否正常通信:
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.1.43
NRPE v2.14
③配置snmp
com2sec notConfigUser 192.168.1.124(监控主机的ip) public
view all included .1 80
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
重启snmp服务
[root@localhost nrpe-2.14]# service snmpd restart
四、配置nagios
先看看etc下面有哪些文件
其中nagios.cfg是主配置文件,这下面有个objects的目录,这个目录下面的配置文件是定义监控的
其中templates.cfg里面有很多模板,我们在自定义监控的时候可以引用此文件中的模板。现在我们来定义监控。
在objects的目录下我们可以看到localhost.cfg这个配置文件,打开可以看到里面已经定义了对本机的监控,所以不用对本机做定义,打开nagios网页http://192.168.1.124/nagios然后点击services可以看到如下图的监控信息。
在监控主机定义监控
[root@localhost objects]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/,创建hosts.cfg自定义监控配置文件此文件用来定义被监控主机的名字和ip
[root@localhost objects]# vim hosts.cfg
define host{
use linux-server
host_name linux-43
alias test
address 192.168.1.43
}
解释这段的意思
use linux-server 这句是引用template里面的linux-server,指被监控的是linux主机
host_name linux-43 这句是给被监控主机的机器名,随便取
alias test 被监控主机别名,也随便取
address 192.168.1.43 被监控主机的ip
定义了主机之后,现在来定义主机组,在当前路径下又新建hostgroups.cfg
[root@localhost objects]# vim hostgroups.cfg
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_name zj-servers
alias zj-servers
members linux-43
}
解释这段的意思
hostgooup_name zj-server 意思是主机组的名字
alias zj-server 意思是主机组的别名
members linux-43 意思是这组的成员,多个成员用逗号隔开,这些成员必须是在hosts.cfg定义的。
接下来定义服务,在当前路径新建services.cfg
[root@localhost objects]# vim services.cfg
define service{
use local-service
host_name linux-43
service_description check-host-alive
check_command check-host-alive
}
解释这段的意思:
use local-service 这句也是引用template.cfg中的local-service意思是监控的服务
host_name linux-43 这句的意思是监控的是linux-43这个主机的服务
service_description check-host-alive 这句的意思服务的描述,即检查主机的存活
check_command check-host-alive 这句的意思是使用什么命令去检查,这里是使用check-host-alive,这个命令必须在commands.cfg有定义,打开comands.cfg可以看到定义此命令的这一段。
修改nagios主配置文件
[root@localhost objects]# vim ../nagios.cfg
增加三行,刚才自定义的文件,都要在主配置文件指定他们的路径
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroups.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg
重启nagios,到网页上去看http://192.168.1.124/nagios
先检测配置文件有无错误
[root@localhost objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
重启
[root@localhost objects]# service nagios restart
打开网站,点击hosts可以看到linux-43,刚才我们自定义的主机已经监控起来了
我们可以对同一个主机监控多个服务,下面来利用nrpe插件对远程主机监控
check_nrpe的用法:
check_nrpe –H 被监控的主机 -c 要执行的监控命令
注意:-c 后面接的监控命令必须是nrpe.cfg 文件中定义的。也就是NRPE daemon只运行nrpe.cfg中所定义的命令。而且在nrpe.cfg定义的命令在这个路径(/usr/local/nagios/libexec/)下面必须有这个命令才能定义。这个nrpe.cfg是在被监控机定义,从nagios的监控原理可以知道,是在被监控端执行检测命令,得到结果再发送给监控主机的nrpe插件。
举例,现在我们要监控远程主机的负载,是用check_load这个命令去检测的。所以首先查看被监控机(192.168.1.43)的nrpe.cfg文件是否有定义这个命令,有则不定义。
查看修改nrpe.cfg
从上图中,可看到check_load已经被定义了,再看看在监控主机这边是怎么远程使用这个命令的。
修改dont_blame_nrpe=0为dont_blame_nrpe=1,意思是允许带参数,然后重启nrpe。
先找出nrpe进程,然后kill掉,然后再启动。
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef |grep nrpe
nagios 19527 1 0 13:26 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d
[root@localhost ~]# kill -9 19527
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
Check_nrpe的解释
在使用check_nrpe之前首先要检查commands.cfg文件有没有定义这个命令,没有则需要自定义。经查找是没有定义check_nrpe的,所以在此我们要先定义check_nrpe,如下图定义。
-c 后面带的$ARG1$ 参数是传给nrpe daemon 执行的检测命令,之前说过了它必须是nrpe.cfg 中所定义的那些命令中的其中一条。在services.cfg 中使用check_nrpe 的时候要用 “!” 带上这个参数。
现在我们可以在services.cfg去定义这个命令去检查了。
[root@localhost objects]# vim services.cfg
增加这一段
define service{
use local-service
host_name linux-43
service_description current load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
最后一行check_nrpe就是commands.cfg里定义的命令,!check_load是用!把check_load这个参数带到被监控机上去执行。
修改了配置文件之后,检查配置文件,并重启,从网页上看是否检查到此信息。
已经添加了,但是还未开始检测状态,要等一会。
看到ok说明监控好了。
五、添加windows监控
在Nagios的libexec下有check_nt这个插件,它就是用来检查windows机器的服务的。其功能类似于check_nrpe。不过还需要搭配另外一个软件NSClient++,它则类似于NRPE。
NSClient与nrpe最大的区别:
· 被监控机上安装有nrpe,并且还有插件,最终的监控是由这些插件来进行的。当监控主机将监控请求发给nrpe后,nrpe调用插件来完成监控。
· NSClient++则不同,被监控机上只安装NSClient,没有任何的插件。当监控主机将监控请求发给NSClient++后,NSClient直接完成监控,所有的监控是由NSClient完成的。
下载NSClient++-0.2.7.zip
下载地址:http://www.nsclient.org/nscp/downloads
解压,打开cmd,进入解压后的目录
安装nsclient并安装系统托盘
打开服务
找到nsclientpp,双击,然后弹出的窗口,点击登录,大上允许服务与桌面的勾,然后点确定。
修改NSClient++-0.2.7下的NSC.ini文件。
将 [modules]部分的所有模块前面的注释都去掉,除了CheckWMI.dll 和 RemoteConfiguration.dll 这两个。
在[Settings]部分设置'password'选项来设置密码,作用是在nagios连接过来时要求提供密码。这一步是可选的,我这里设置为'123654'。
将[Settings]部分'allowed_hosts'选项的注释去掉,并且加上运行nagios的监控主机的IP。各IP之间以逗号相隔。这个地方是支持子网的,如果写成192.168.1.0/24则表示该子网内的所有机器都可以访问。如果这个地方是空白则表示所有的主机都可以连接上来。
将[NSClient]的'port'选项的注释去掉,这是nsclient的默认端口
启动nsclient服务,并查看监听端口
监控主机开启对windows的监控
修改nagios的主配置文件
[root@localhost objects]# vim ../nagios.cfg
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg找到这行,去掉注释。
修改commands.cfg,找到check_nt那一段,nagios使用check_nt这个去检查windows服务的。将check_nt这一段修改
define command{
command_name check_nt
command_line $USER1$/check_nt -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -p 12489 -s 123654 -v $ARG1$ $ARG2$
}
修改widows.cfg,找到host这段,将ip修改为要监控的windows主机的ip
define host{
use windows-server ; Inherit default values from a template
host_name winserver ; The name we're giving to this host
alias My Windows Server ; A longer name associated with the host
address 192.168.1.212 ; IP address of the host
}
重启nagios,去网页上查看windows有没有被监控。
错误六:
出现这个错误是由于操作系统语言的问题
修改counters.defs文件
Description = "chinese"—》这句是修改为chinese
在最后面增加下面一段
[0x0804]
Description = "Chinese"
NT4_SystemTotalProcessorTime = "\System\% Total Processor Time"
NT4_SystemSystemUpTime = "\System\System Up Time"
NT4_MemoryCommitLimit = "\Memory\Commit Limit"
NT4_MemoryCommitByte = "\Memory\Committed Bytes"
W2K_SystemTotalProcessorTime = "\Processor(_total)\% Processor Time"
W2K_SystemSystemUpTime = "\System\System Up Time"
W2K_MemoryCommitLimit = "\Memory\Commit Limit"
W2K_MemoryCommitByte = "\Memory\Committed Bytes"
然后重启nsclient
六、nagios添加邮件报警
安装sendEmail
wget http://caspian.dotconf.net/menu/Software/SendEmail/sendEmail-v1.56.tar.gz 下载sendEmail
[root@localhost soft]# tar xf sendEmail-v1.56.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd sendEmail-v1.56
[root@localhost sendEmail-v1.56]# ls
CHANGELOG README README-BR.txt sendEmail sendEmail.pl TODO
[root@localhost sendEmail-v1.56]# cp sendEmail /usr/local/bin/
此命令的解释:
-f 表示发送者的邮箱
-t 表示接收者的邮箱
(接收邮件和发送邮件,尽量不要用同一个邮箱帐号,容易出错)
-s 表示SMTP服务器的域名或者ip
-u 表示邮件的主题
-xu 表示SMTP验证的用户名
-xp 表示SMTP验证的密码(注意,这个密码貌似有限制,例如我用d!5neyland就不能被正确识别)
-m 表示邮件的内容
用法:
/usr/local/bin/sendEmail -f 发件人邮件 -t 收件人邮件 -s smtp.163.com -u "邮件主题" -xu 用户名 -xp 密码 -m 邮件内容
首先在命令行测试一下:
[root@localhost sendEmail-v1.56]# /usr/local/bin/sendEmail -f 13873356730@163.com -t 603461655@qq.com 13873356730@163.com -s smtp.163.com -u "hello" -xu 13873356730@163.com -xp password -m test
看到下面这行信息,说明邮件发送成功。
Aug 06 16:28:05 localhost sendEmail[24227]: Email was sent successfully!
① 对nagios添加邮件报警了。
修改配置文件contacts.cfg,修改邮箱,此处为接受报警邮件的邮箱
[root@localhost objects]# vim contacts.cfg
define contact{
contact_name nagiosadmin ; Short name of user
use generic-contact ; Inherit default values from generic-contact template (defined above)
alias Nagios Admin ; Full name of user
email 603461655@qq.com ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******
}
修改commands.cfg 定义发送邮件命令
[root@localhost objects]# vim commands.cfg
define command{
command_name notify-host-by-email command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HOSTNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" | /usr/local/bin/sendEmail -f 13873356730@163.com -t $CONTACTEMAIL$ -s smtp.163.com -u "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ alert - $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" -xu 13873356730@163.com -xp password
}
define command{
command_name notify-service-by-email
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$\n" | /usr/local/bin/sendEmail -f 13873356730@163.com -t $CONTACTEMAIL$ -s smtp.163.com -u "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ alert - $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" -xu 13873356730@163.com -xp password
}
七、安装cacti
安装依赖软件及创建数据库
[root@localhost soft]# yum install rrdtool* -y
[root@localhost soft]# mysql -uroot -p123654
mysql> create database cacti;
mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.* to "cactier"@'localhost' identified by '123654';
mysql> flush privileges;
修改snmp配置文件
# sec.name source community
com2sec notConfigUser default public
# name incl/excl subtree mask(optional)
view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1
# group context sec.model sec.level prefix read write notif
access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
## incl/excl subtree mask
view all included .1 80
开始安装cacti
[root@localhost soft]# tar xf cacti-0.8.8b.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd cacti-0.8.8b
[root@localhost soft]# mv cacti-0.8.8b /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti
[root@localhost soft]# cd /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/
[root@localhost cacti]# mysql -ucactier -p123654 cacti [root@localhost cacti]# useradd cactier [root@localhost cacti]# chown -R cactier rra log 修改config.php [root@localhost cacti]# vim include/config.php $database_type = "mysql"; $database_default = "cacti"; $database_hostname = "localhost"; $database_username = "cactier"; $database_password = "123654"; $database_port = "3306"; $database_ssl = false; 写计划任务进行轮询 [root@localhost cacti]# crontab –e */5 * * * * /usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/poller.php &>/dev/null 在网页上访问cacti:http://192.168.1.124/cacti 出现这个错误是默认用了unix-socket去连接。我们把config.php中的host改为127.0.0.1 之后下一步,就到修改密码了 设置好密码123654然后就能进入cacti了 安装spine [root@localhost soft]# tar xf cacti-spine-0.8.8b.tar.gz [root@localhost soft]# cd cacti-spine-0.8.8b [root@localhost cacti-spine-0.8.8b]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/spine --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ [root@localhost cacti-spine-0.8.8b]# make && make install [root@localhost cacti-spine-0.8.8b]# mv /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf.dist /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf [root@localhost cacti-spine-0.8.8b]# vim /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf DB_Host localhost DB_Database cacti DB_User cactier DB_Pass 123654 DB_Port 3306 DB_PreG 0 更改轮询器为spine Setting->poller->poller type 选择 spine ,记得save哦 安装ntop [root@localhost soft]# tar xf ntop-4.0.1.tar.gz [root@localhost soft]# cd ntop-4.0.1 [root@localhost ntop-4.0.1]# ./autogen.sh 错误七: [root@localhost ntop-4.0.1]# yum install libpcap libpcap-devel –y [root@localhost ntop-4.0.1]# ./autogen.sh [root@localhost ntop-4.0.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ntop [root@localhost soft]# tar xf GeoIP.tar.gz [root@localhost soft]# cd GeoIP-1.4.8/ [root@localhost GeoIP-1.4.8]# ./configure [root@localhost GeoIP-1.4.8]# make && make install 进入到ntop的解压路径,重新编译再安装 [root@localhost ntop-4.0.1]# make&&make install 给ntop设置密码: [root@localhost ntop-4.0.1]# /usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop –A [root@localhost ntop-4.0.1]# useradd ntop [root@localhost ntop-4.0.1]# chown -R ntop:ntop /usr/local/ntop/share/ntop/ [root@localhost ntop-4.0.1]# chown -R ntop:ntop /usr/local/ntop/var/ntop/ [root@localhost ntop-4.0.1]# /usr/local/ntop/bin/ntop -u ntop -c –d –》启动ntop 写入开机自启动 [root@localhost ntop-4.0.1]# echo "/usr/local/ntop/bin/top -u ntop -c -d" >>/etc/rc.local 安装ntop插件ntop-v0.2-1.tgz [root@localhost soft]# tar zxvf ntop-v0.2-1.tgz -C /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/plugins [root@localhost soft]# vim /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php $plugins[] = "ntop"; 然后登陆cacti网站:console –》plugin managemaent 点击蓝色的箭头,激活ntop 然后点击User management—》admin—》把view ntop勾上,save,然后点击ntop可以看到如下图 安装setting、monitor,thold等插件 [root@localhost soft]# tar xf settings-v0.7-1.tgz -C /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/plugins [root@localhost soft]# vim /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php $plugins[] = "settings"; 在cacti网站上激活settings Console---》plugin managementà点点点就激活了,激活后如下图 其他插件如settings一样的方法。 [root@localhost soft]# tar xf monitor-v1.3-1.tgz -C /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/plugins [root@localhost soft]# vim /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php $plugins[] = "monitor"; [root@localhost soft]# tar xf thold-v0.5.0.tgz -C /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/plugins [root@localhost soft]# vim /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php $plugins[] = "thold"; 八、Cacti和nagios整合 ①安装ndoutils [root@localhost soft]# tar zxvf ndoutils-1.5.2.tar.gz [root@localhost soft]# cd ndoutils-1.5.2 [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/ --enable-mysql --disable-pgsql --with-mysql-inc=/usr/local/mysql/include/ --with-mysql-lib=/usr/local/mysql/lib/ [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# make && make install [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# cp -v src/{ndomod-3x.o,ndo2db-3x,file2sock,log2ndo} /usr/local/nagios/bin [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# cd db/ [root@localhost db]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql [root@localhost db]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/var/run/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [root@localhost db]# ./installdb -ucactier -p123654 -hlocalhost –dcacti [root@localhost db]# cd .. [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# cp -v config/{ndo2db.cfg-sample,ndomod.cfg-sample} /usr/local/nagios/etc/ [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# mv /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# mv /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo* [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/bin/* [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg 添加 broker_module=/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndomod-3x.o config_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg –》这两行必须是放在同一行,中间空格隔开,否则报错 然后确保event_broker_options=-1的参数值是-1,这个值默认就是-1。 安装ndo2db前要先安装mysql-devel Yum install –y mysql-devel [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg socket_type=unix---》修改为socket_type=tcp db_servertype=mysql db_host=localhost db_port=3306 db_name=cacti db_prefix=nagios_ db_user=cactier db_pass=123654 [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg output_type=tcpsocket output=127.0.0.1 [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# cp daemon-init /etc/init.d/ndo2db [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# vim /etc/init.d/ndo2db Ndo2dbBin=/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db-3x [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/ndo2db [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# service ndo2db start 安装npc插件 [root@localhost soft]# tar xf npc-2.0.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/plugins [root@localhost soft]# vim /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php $plugins[] = "npc"; 安装npc支持json [root@localhost soft]# cd php-5.5.3/ext/json [root@localhost json]# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize [root@localhost json]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config [root@localhost json]# make [root@localhost json]# make test [root@localhost json]# make install [root@localhost json]# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini添加 extension="json.so" [root@localhost json]# /usr/local/php/bin/php –m查看json是否加载 修改ndo2db.cfg [root@localhost json]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg db_prefix=npc_ 先激活npc插件,再修改cacti npc插件 Console-->settings-->npc 修改如下图 修改数据库表结构: [root@localhost ndoutils-1.5.2]# mysql -ucactier -p123654 Msyql>use cacti ALTER TABLE `npc_hostchecks` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`; ALTER TABLE `npc_hoststatus` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`; ALTER TABLE `npc_servicestatus` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`; ALTER TABLE `npc_statehistory` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`; ALTER TABLE `npc_eventhandlers` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`; ALTER TABLE `npc_systemcommands` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`; ALTER TABLE `npc_notifications` ADD COLUMN `long_output` varchar(8192) NOT NULL default '' AFTER `output`; Mysql>exit 重启ndo2db和nagios #service ndo2db restart #/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
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