postgresql使用pg_rman备份恢复
os：centos 7.5
postgresql： 10.0
1.软件下载：
https://github.com/ossc-db/pg_rman/releases/pg_rman-1.3.7-1.pg10.rhel7.x86_64.rpm
2.安装pg_rman:
[root@my-mm ~]# yum localinstall pg_rman-1.3.7-1.pg10.rhel7.x86_64.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Examining pg_rman-1.3.7-1.pg10.rhel7.x86_64.rpm: pg_rman-1.3.7-1.pg10.rhel7.x86_64
Marking pg_rman-1.3.7-1.pg10.rhel7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pg_rman.x86_64 0:1.3.7-1.pg10.rhel7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: postgresql10-libs for package: pg_rman-1.3.7-1.pg10.rhel7.x86_64
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
* extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.cn99.com
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: pg_rman-1.3.7-1.pg10.rhel7.x86_64 (/pg_rman-1.3.7-1.pg10.rhel7.x86_64)
Requires: postgresql10-libs
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
安装依赖包库，再次安装：：
rpm -ivh https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/10/redhat/rhel-7.5-x86_64/pgdg-centos10-10-2.noarch.rpm
yum localinstall pg_rman-1.3.7-1.pg10.rhel7.x86_64.rpm
安装后的pg_rman 路径：
/usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_rman
3.配置pg_rman初始化备份目录：
cd /pgdata/10/backup
/usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_rman init -B /pgdata/10/backup/
INFO: ARCLOG_PATH is set to '/pgdata/10/archive_wal'
INFO: SRVLOG_PATH is set to '/pgdata/10/log'
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4.添加用户环境变量：
su - postgres
vi ~/.bash_profile
export ARCLOG_PATH=/pgdata/10/archive_wal
export SRVLOG_PATH=/pgdata/10/log
export BACKUP_PATH=/pgdata/10/backup
5.pg_rman备份脚本：
vim /pgdata/10/script/pg_rmanbackup.sh
#!/bin/bash
source ~/.bash_profile
export ARCLOG_PATH='/pgdata/10/archive_wal'
export SRVLOG_PATH='/pgdata/10/log'
export BACKUP_PATH='/pgdata/10/backup'
/usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full --progress -Z --keep-data-days=7 --keep-arclog-days=7 ;
/usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_rman validate;
6.执行备份，可以添加到定时任务，下面为手动执行：
[postgres@postgres]$ chmod +x pg_rmanbackup.sh
[postgres@postgres]$ ./pg_rmanbackup.sh
INFO: copying database files
Processed 985 of 985 files, skipped 0
INFO: copying archived WAL files
Processed 4 of 4 files, skipped 0
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 7)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2018-12-05 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep after = 2018-12-05 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
INFO: validate: "2018-12-12 03:28:38" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2018-12-12 03:28:38" is valid
确认：
[postgres@postgres]$ pg_rman show -B /pgdata/10/backup/
=====================================================================
StartTime EndTime Mode Size TLI Status
=====================================================================
2018-12-12 03:28:38 2018-12-12 03:28:46 FULL 5184kB 1 OK
6.pg_rman使用帮助：
pg_rman --help
7.恢复：
删除数据库：
rm -rf /pgdata/10/data/*
查看备份信息：
pg_rman show
=====================================================================
StartTime EndTime Mode Size TLI Status
=====================================================================
2018-12-12 03:28:38 2018-12-12 03:28:46 FULL 5184kB 1 OK
pg_rman restore -D /pgdata/10/data/ --recovery-target-time='2018-12-12 10:00:00'
[postgres@postgres]$ pg_rman restore -D /pgdata/10/data/ --recovery-target-time='2018-12-12 10:00:00' -B /pgdata/10/backup/
WARNING: pg_controldata file "/pgdata/10/data//global/pg_control" does not exist
INFO: the recovery target timeline ID is not given
INFO: use timeline ID of latest full backup as recovery target: 1
INFO: calculating timeline branches to be used to recovery target point
INFO: searching latest full backup which can be used as restore start point
INFO: found the full backup can be used as base in recovery: "2018-12-12 03:28:38"
INFO: copying online WAL files and server log files
INFO: clearing restore destination
INFO: validate: "2018-12-12 03:28:38" backup and archive log files by SIZE
INFO: backup "2018-12-12 03:28:38" is valid
INFO: restoring database files from the full mode backup "2018-12-12 03:28:38"
INFO: searching incremental backup to be restored
INFO: searching backup which contained archived WAL files to be restored
INFO: backup "2018-12-12 03:28:38" is valid
INFO: restoring WAL files from backup "2018-12-12 03:28:38"
INFO: restoring online WAL files and server log files
INFO: generating recovery.conf
INFO: restore complete
HINT: Recovery will start automatically when the PostgreSQL server is started.
启动数据库确认数据：
pg_ctl start
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